RF Designs and Simulations

The Emergence of Power Integrity Analysis As the speed of the data signal increases, many reasons including  power supply noise  lead to the degradation of the high-speed signals. In low power high-speed digital interfaces, it is crucial to characterize the whole system power supply in order to minimize power supply noise in the system. High-speed design failures show up as failures at higher operating frequency, data error rates, cross talk errors, and EMI errors. Currently, PI engineers do PI analysis of power system to ensure proper and reliable operation using Electronic Design Automation tools (EDA) before the actual fabrication of board. This reduces board failure chances significantly and also cuts production time. SI and PI are two distinct but related realms of analysis concerned with the proper operation of digital circuits. In SI, the main concern is to make sure that transmitted 1s looks like 1s at the receiver (and same for the 0s). In PI, the main...

The desirable features of antenna for Airborne SAR applications include shaped radiation pattern and wide bandwidth capability, good cross polarization isolation and high power capability. Shaped radiation across the track improves the target dynamic range and compensates the requirement of STC (Sensitivity Time Control) correction at receiver end. Wide bandwidth performance results in finer resolution. Planar array antenna is preferred as compared to reflector type antenna for less air drag. More Detail: Microstrip and Printed Antenna Design

The answer to this question depends to a great extent on the particular antenna problem that is to be analyzed. There are various antenna simulation tools based on different numerical techniques. Software for antenna design can be selected based on antenna type and size. Choosing the right technique for solving an antenna problem is important, as choosing the wrong one can either result in incorrect results, or results which take excessively long to compute. Several key EM simulation technologies have emerged over recent years. Out of these, simulation technique the Method of Moments (MoM), Finite Element (FEM) and Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) solutions are used almost in all commercial software like Momentum, HFSS, CST, Sonnet, EMPro etc. Although in principal these technologies could be used to solve the same problems there are often good practical reasons why one particular simulator is better suited to solving a particular problem type. There are many considerations...

Electrostatic Discharge(ESD) Analysis What is ESD? Electrostatic discharge(ESD) is the sudden and momentary electric current that flows between two objects at different electrical potentials caused by direct contact or induced by an electrostatic  field.An  Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) strike is a constant threat to device reliability and functionality. Many low-voltage core chips or system ASICs only offer device-level Human-Body Model (HBM) ESD device protection, which doesn’t address the risks of system-level ESD  strikes.ESD  can occur when an electronic device comes near the human body or when it’s around another device (machine interface contact). A prime example involves connecting together two devices, such as plugging a mobile phone into a laptop. The person’s hand may touch the connecting pins, or if the device is charged up, ESD may occur when mating the connectors. ESD Damage •Burn Out •Breakdown of insulator •Decrease of lifetime •Software Fail...